◎邹相

在中国优秀传统文化中，禅文化是其重要组成部分，同样也是东方美学形态的典型代表。随着我们精神需求的不断提升，以禅为底蕴的生活方式成为人们的崇尚与追求，我们也可以把这种生活称为“禅生活”，简而言之，就是一颗禅心过好每一天。禅心即是无住的心、无染的心、慈悲的心、欢喜的心、宽容的心、坦然的心……正如唐代永嘉禅师在《证道歌》中所道：“行亦禅，坐亦禅，语默动静体安然。”

Chan culture, as a significant part of the excellent traditional Chinese culture, is also a typical representative of Eastern aesthetics. With the continuous improvement of our spiritual needs, the life habit based on Chan has become people’s admiration and pursuit. We can also call it "Chan life". In short, it is to live each day well with a Chan mind. Chan mind is the detached, pure, compassionate, joyful, tolerant and calm mind... Just as the Chan master Yongjia of the Tang Dynasty said in the Song of Zhengdao: "Both walking and sitting are Chan, whatever you speak or not, stay active or peaceful, there is no change for body and mind."

摄影这门艺术也有很多种类，“禅意摄影”就是其中之一，它将日常生活通过镜头，传递出无尽的禅意。在欣赏禅意摄影作品时，能让人感受到一种空灵与宁静、优雅与澄澈，凸显出清雅绝尘的东方之美。

There are many kinds of photography art. "Chan photography" is one of them. It conveys endless Chan or Buddhist mood in daily life through the lens. When appreciating Chan photography works, one can feel some kind of ethereal and tranquility, elegance and clarity, highlighting the elegant oriental beauty.

摄影家徐大庆先生是禅意摄影的先锋代表。作为中国摄影家协会理事，他的代表作《亦幻》《亦梦》《镜观》等，享誉海内外。本文仅以徐大庆的《少林》为例，通过欣赏其摄影作品中照见“五蕴皆空”的殊胜之处，来感受他的禅意摄影意趣，欣赏他镜头中的禅意表达。

Photographer Xu Daqing is a pioneer of Chan photography. As a director of the Chinese Photographers Association, his representative works "Yi Huan", "Yi Meng", "Mirror View", etc., are well-known at home and abroad. This article only takes Xu Daqing's "Shaolin" as an example, and experiences his Chan photography interest and appreciates the expression of Chan in his lens by admiring the “Empty Nature of the Five Aggregates" in his photographs.

《少林》，可谓是徐大庆禅意摄影作品的又一力作。在这个系列，有少林寺的建筑、佛像、壁画、法器、经卷、供品等静物影像，还有记录少林寺僧人生活、法会、功夫、礼仪、交流等方面的动态掠影。一切有形态的客观存在的物质聚合，曰“色蕴”。该作品中既有色彩的交融，又有光影的捕捉，相映成趣，相得益彰，早已摆脱了“色蕴”的拘束，照见了事物的本来面目。“不着一字，尽得风流”，其构图之灵巧，视角之独到，手法之精妙，着实让人叹为观止。

"Shaolin" is another masterpiece of Xu Daqing's Chan photography. In this series, there are still life images of Shaolin Temple's architecture, Buddha statues, murals, ritual instruments, scriptures, offerings, etc., as well as dynamic glimpses of Shaolin monks' lives, rituals, Kungfu, etiquette, exchange and others. The aggregation of all objectively existing substances in form is called "color richness". In this work, there is not only the blending of colors, but also the capture of light and shadow, complementing each other. It has already got rid of the constraints of "color richness" , and discovered the true colors of beings. “Gain endless casual and elegant bearing, without one word“. The dexterity of the composition, the unique perspective, and the exquisite technique are truly breathtaking.

布袋和尚曾作《布袋偈》曰：“行也布袋，坐也布袋。放下布袋，何等自在。”如果我们能够将功名富贵的“布袋”放下，能将贪婪的“布袋”放下，能将世间情欲的“布袋”放下，就能得一身轻松、一身自在。这说的是一种放下的心态，万缘放下，方得自在。在《少林》摄影作品中，随处可见“放下”的场景：身着宽大僧袍的僧人，自在行走，这是一种放下；气定神闲的法师，双手合十，无欲无求，这是一种放下；殿宇的一角，僧人们交流的欢喜，一脸的轻松与惬意，这也是一种放下……对一切人、事、物所产生的情感和感受，包括身受和心受，即为“受蕴”。而徐大庆镜头中“放下”的瞬间，既是看破了“受蕴”的束缚，亦是禅意的彰显。

The Budai(Bag Cloth) Monk once wrote the "Budai Sutra", saying: "Walking and sitting are all in form of Budai. How comfortable that is after putting down the bag." In other words, if one can put down the "bag" of fame and wealth, greedy and the world's erotic desires, you will be relaxed and at ease. This is a mentality of letting down. Giving up a desire returns a liberty. In the "Shaolin" photography works, scenes of "letting down" can be seen everywhere: the monk in the generous monk-robe walking freely, the calm and relaxed mage, hands folding together without desires, the joy of the monks’ exchanges, showing relaxed and cozy faces in the corner of the temple, all of which is a kind of letting down... the emotions and feelings produced by all people, things, and objects, including both physical and sensual experiences, are "Experience Richness". The moment of "letting down" in Xu Daqing's lens is not only seeing through the shackles of "Experience Richness", but also a manifestation of Chan.

禅，是纯洁不染，是自然无碍，是自在随缘，是平淡如水，是如如不动。在《少林》摄影作品中，我们看到停驻在寺院廊檐或塔尖上的鸽子、夜色中的寺院山门和殿宇、五乳峰顶上的达摩祖师巨型雕像，还看到白雪掩映下静谧的常住院、佛前清幽的供灯、供果、供具，以及僧人们在寺院修行的点滴……因接受外界事物而产生的感觉，对世间各种善恶美丑所产生的各种想法和认识，是谓“想蕴”。人们往往因“想蕴”产生诸多烦恼，而在徐大庆的镜头中，每一张照片都充满灵性、充满温情、充满禅趣，既让人心生无限的欢喜，又一无挂碍，得大解脱，彻底摆脱了对“想蕴”的执着。

Chan is pure and untainted, natural and unobstructed, free and easy, as plain as water, and standing firmly. In the "Shaolin" photography works, we see pigeons resting on the eaves or spires of the temples, the gates and halls of the temples in the night, the giant statues of Master Bodhidharma on the top of the Wuru Peak, and we can also find the peaceful temple covered by snow, quiet offerings in front of the Buddha, offering lamps, fruits, utensils, and the monks' practice in the monastery... The feelings that result from accepting external issues, and the various thoughts and understandings stemming from the good and evil, beauty and ugliness in the world are called "Thinking Richness". People often have a lot of troubles because of "Thinking Richness", and in Xu Daqing's lens, every photo is full of spirituality, tenderness, and Chan fun, which not only makes people feel infinite joy, but also lead to trouble-free state with relief, completely getting rid of the obsession with "Thinking Richness". 

《金刚经》云：“过去心不可得，现在心不可得，未来心不可得。”即是在告诫我们，诸法是无常变异的，每时每刻，都在刹那间变化。前念、现念、后念，虽然紧密相连相续，却已然不同。唯有活在当下，才是我们明智的选择。在《少林》摄影作品中，徐大庆以其敏锐的洞察力与前瞻性，恰如其分地捕捉住点滴瞬间，无论宏大场景，还是方寸之间，其摄影作品都能给人以沉静之美、刹那之美、当下之美。如供桌蜡烛上跳动的焰火，拖出一道极光；僧人拈香时，眼神中流露出的虔诚与善良；武僧在习练少林轻功时，飞跃红墙的精彩瞬间；千年银杏树下，僧人打坐时的寂静与默然……由心而发，由心所使的行动，即为“行蕴”。一花一世界，一叶一如来，一笑一尘缘，徐大庆的作品中，有不少如梦如幻的场景与画面，传递出活在当下的不可思议，照见“行蕴”的无常与多变，在彰显禅意与美感之余，也洞悉出“行蕴”的空性。

The Diamond Sutra says: "The heart in the past, at present, and in the future is unreachable." It warns us that all dharmas are impermanent and mutated, changing from moment by moment or in any instant. The former, the present and the latter thoughts are closely connected, but they are already different. Only living in the present is our wise choice. In the "Shaolin" photography works, Xu Daqing used his keen insight and foresight to appropriately capture the moments. No matter the grand scene or the square inch, his photography can provide people with the clam, the moment and present beauty. For example, the fire dancing on the altar candles dragged out an aurora; the piety and kindness in his eyes when a monk burned incense; the wonderful moment when the monk leaped over the red wall upon practicing "wall running"; and the monk’s silence and silence during meditation under the thousand-year-old ginkgo tree...the action that comes and be made by the heart is called the "Action Richness". In Xu Daqing’s works, there are many dreamlike scenes and pictures, conveying the unthinkable living in the present, reflecting the impermanence and changeability of the "Action Richness", and not only showing the Chan and beauty, but also finding the emptiness of "Action Richness".

“水静香自远，风轻月自明”，见禅意自清，生活中处处都有禅意，而在摄影中，唯有达到只可意会、不可言传的灵悟境界，方能得到一幅禅意摄影作品。对诸法产生的体悟，执着于“我”而产生的心识，皆为“识蕴”。徐大庆的摄影作品，在契理契机的同时，更为有效地捕捉了瞬间之美、暂停之美，突破了我们瞬息万变的心识，照见出“识蕴”的空无。这是典型的禅意摄影手法，它是一种融合东方美学的摄影艺术，其作品如同中国的水墨画，给人一种难以言表，却深入心灵的震撼。

Seeing that Chan is self-clear, there is Chan everywhere in life, but in photography, you can only get a piece of Chan photography works when you reach the realm of spiritual enlightenment that be perceived rather than expressed. The realization of the various dharmas and the mental consciousness produced by clinging to the "ego" are all "Acknowledgement Richness." Xu Daqing's photography works capture the beauty of moments and pauses more effectively while making sense of the opportunity, breaking through our ever-changing minds, and revealing the emptiness of "Acknowledgement Richness". This is a typical Chan photographic technique. It is a kind of photographic art integrating oriental aesthetics. Its works are like Chinese ink paintings, unspeakable, but deep-rooted shock.

中华文明的重要组成部分是黄河文化，而少林文化既是嵩山文化、中原文化的代表，也是黄河文化的有机组成部分，少林寺、少林僧团则分别是少林文化的传承空间和传承主体。作为一位具有强烈的责任心、使命感与时代担当的摄影家，徐大庆将手中的相机对准了具有一千五百余年厚重文化的禅宗祖庭、功夫圣地少林寺，拍摄了一大批具有少林禅、武、医、艺文化特色的禅意摄影作品，丰富了禅意摄影这一领域，给予广大摄影爱好者全新的视觉体验，更利于向海内外弘传以少林文化为代表的中原文化、黄河文化。

An significant part of Chinese civilization is the Yellow River culture, and Shaolin culture is not only a representative of Songshan and Central Plains cultures, but also an organic part of the Yellow River culture. Shaolin Temple and Shaolin Sangha are the inheritance space and main body of Shaolin culture respectively. As a photographer with a strong sense of responsibility, mission and undertakings for the times, Xu Daqing pointed the camera in his hand at the ancestral monastery of Chan sec, Shaolin Temple, a Kungfu Holy Land with more than 1,500 years of profound culture. The Chan photography works with characteristics of Shaolin Chan, martial arts, medicine and art culture fill up the gaps in the field of Chan photography, giving photographers a brand new visual experience, and spreading the Central Plains and Yellow River cultures represented by Shaolin culture at home and abroad.

难能可贵的是，通过《少林》摄影作品，既能将中华民族博大精深的禅文化展现给大家，又向我们展现出一个禅意十足、照见“五蕴皆空”的摄影世界。这，应该是摄影家徐大庆的初心所在吧！

What is commendable is that, through the "Shaolin" photography works, it can not only show the broad and profound Chan culture of the Chinese nation to all, but also show us a photography world that is full of Chan and discovers the "Empty Nature of the Five Aggregates". This should be the original intention of the photographer Xu Daqing!

（作者系青年作家、诗人，出版有《禅心乡韵》《菩提花开》《且听风吟》《守园往事》等。自2007年以来，一直担任少林寺官网负责人、《禅露》杂志执行主编。）

(The author is a young writer and poet. He has published books titled such as "Homeland with a Chan Heart", "Bodhi Blossoms", "Listen to the Wind", "Past Events of Countryside\", etc. Since 2007, he has been director of Shaolin Temple's official website and executive editor of the magazine "DEW of CHAN".)

（徐大庆,中国摄影家协会理事，2016、2018中国国际摄影艺术节、中国第16、17届国际摄影艺术展览、郑州影像双年展艺术总监。作品：《亦幻》、《亦梦》、《少林》、《镜观》等。部分作品被中国美术馆、中国摄影著作权协会、全视影像画廊等机构收藏，先后在纽约、巴黎、卡利里亚、悉尼、柏林等地展出。）

更多精美作品，请点击：徐大庆《少林》摄影作品